بررسی تاثیر سبک های رهبری بر جو نوآوری و خلاقیت کارکنان با نقش تعدیلگر خود کارآمدی خلاقانه و نقش میانجی اعتماد و هویت فردی (مورد مطالعه: سازمان امور مالیاتی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،کرج، ایران

2 گروه مدیریت صنعتی ، واحد کرج ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، کرج ، ایران.

3 گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحدکرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،کرج، ایران

چکیده

شناسایی و بهره‌برداری از فرصت‌های موجود، زمینه ساز ایجاد و ارتقای خلاقیت کارکنان به شمار می‌رود و به پیش نیازهای مناسب هم نیاز دارد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تاثیر سبک‌های رهبری بر جو‌ نوآوری و تاثیر آن بر خلاقیت‌ کارکنان با نقش تعدیلگر خودکارآمدی خلاقانه و نقش میانجی اعتماد و هویت فردی اداره کل فناوری اطلاعات سازمان امورمالیاتی انجام گرفته است. این پژوهش کاربردی و توصیفی – همبستگی است. جامعه آماری شامل مدیران و کارکنان اداره کل فناوری اطلاعات سازمان امور مالیاتی است که از میان آنها 138 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شده‌اند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌‌ها پرسشنامه محقق ساخته می‌‌باشد. برای آزمون فرضیه‌ها از روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با رویکرد حداقل مربعات جزئی و از نرم افزار SmartPLS استفاده شده است. همه فرضیه‌ها به غیر از فرضیه‌هایی که مربوط به اعتماد و خودکارآمدی خلاقانه بودند، تایید شدند. همچنین با بکارگیری سبک‌های رهبری تحول‌گرا و تعامل‌گرا و نیز هویت بخشی به کارکنان می‌توان جونوآوری در سازمان ایجاد نمود و بدین ترتیب شاخص‌های خلاقیت کارکنان ارتقاء خواهد یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Leadership Styles on The Innovation Climate and Creativity of Employees with The Moderating Role of Creative Self-Efficacy and The Mediating Role of Trust and Individual Identity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Akradlou 1
  • Mehrdad Hosseini Shakib 2
  • Abbas Khamseh 3
1 Department of Management, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of industrial management , Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3 Department of industrial management , Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Identifying and exploiting existing opportunities is the basis for creating and promoting employee creativity and requires appropriate prerequisites. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of leadership styles on the innovation climate and its impact on employee creativity with the moderating role of creative self-efficacy and the mediating role of trust and personal identity of the General Directorate of Information Technology of the Tax Administration.This is an applied and descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population includes managers and employees of the General Department of Information Technology of the Tax Administration, from which 138 were selected by simple random sampling. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. To test the hypotheses, structural equation modeling was performed with the partial least squares approach using SmartPLS software. All hypotheses were confirmed except the hypotheses related to trust and creative self-efficacy. Also, by using transformational and interactive leadership styles as well as identifying employees, innovation can be created in the organization and thus employee creativity indicators will be improved.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transformational leadership
  • transactional leadership
  • trust
  • individual identification
  • innovation climate
  • employee creativity
  • creative self-efficacy
Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the work environment for creativity. Academy of management journal, 39(5), 1154-1184.
 
Amabile, T. M. (1979). Effects of external evaluation on artistic creativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(2), 221–233.
 
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. Macmillan, Chicago.
Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., & Goodheim, L. (1987). Biography and the assessment of transformational leadership at the world-class level. Journal of management, 13(1), 7-19.
 
Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., Jung, D. I., & Berson, Y. (2003). Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of applied psychology, 88(2), 207-218.
 
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadership.
Mahwah, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
 
Beesley, L. G., & Cooper, C. (2008). Defining knowledge management (KM) activities: towards consensus. Journal of knowledge management. 12 (3). 48–62.
 
Duff, D. B. (2007). The Relationship Between Organizational Climate, Personality Factors and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in a Unversity Extension. Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
 
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
 
Cao, Y., & Zhao, Z.Y. (2009). The Scale Design of Organizational Innovation Atmosphere and the Research of Effectiveness: Based on the Analysis of the Power Company in Suzhou. Lanzhou University.
 
Cerne, M., Jakliˇc, M., & Skerlavaj, M. (2013). Authentic leadership, creativity, andinnovation: a multilevel perspective. Leadership, 9 (1), 63–85.
 
Chang, J.H., & Teng, C.C. (2017). Intrinsic or extrinsic motivations for hospitality employees’creativity: The moderating role of organization-level regulatory focus. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 60, 133–141.
 
Wenjing, C., & Kan, S. (2007). Transformational and transactional leadership and its mechanism [J]. Management Review, 19 (9), 22–28.
 
Dirks, K.T. & Ferrin, D.L. (2002). Trust in Leadership: Meta-Analytic Findings and Implications for Research and Practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 611–628.
Dragoni, L. (2005). Understanding the emergence of state goal orientation in organizational work groups: the role of leadership and multilevel climate perceptions. Journal of applied psychology, 90(6), 1084.
 
Ferres, N., Connell, J., & Travaglione, A. (2005). The effect of future redeployment on organizational trust. Strategic change, 14(2), 77-91.
 
Gautschi, T. (2001). Invest in Creativity. Design News, 56(12), 135-135.
 
Ghasemi, M. Faraj Pahlo, A. H. Osareh, F., & Arshadi, N. (2019). The relationship between organizational support and creative climate with the development of entrepreneurship through intermediation of empowerment and creativity in library staff, Psychological Methods and Models Journal, 10(35), 101-117. (In Persian)
 
Gong, S.Y. (2015). Study on Influence Mechanism of Enterprise Knowledge Workers in New Generation Self-Identity over Organizational Behavior. Northwestern Polytechnical University.
 
Gong, Y., Huang, J. C., & Farh, J. L. (2009). Employee learning orientation, transformational leadership, and employee creativity: The mediating role of employee creative self-efficacy. Academic Management Journal, 52(4), 765-778.
 
Gözükara, İ., & Şimşek, O. F. (2015). Linking transformational leadership to work engagement and the mediator effect of job autonomy: A study in a Turkish private non-profit university. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 963-971.
 
Hon, A. H. (2012). When competency-based pay relates to creative performance: The moderating role of employee psychological need. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(1), 130-138.
 
Jaiswal, N. K., & Dhar, R. L. (2015). Transformational leadership, innovation climate, creative self-efficacy and employee creativity: A multilevel study. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 51, 30-41.
 
Jafari Fekrat, A., & Hosseini Shakib, M. (2018). Assessing the Impact of Servant Leadership on Organizational Culture, Organizational Commitment, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Performance, Journal of Human Resource Studies, 8(29), 45-68. (In Persian)
 
Jamshidi, M., Kordabadi, M. (2019). Designing a transformational leadership model with the role of mediator of trust in government agencies. Educational Administration Research, 10(38), 145-164. (In Persian)
 
Jena, L. K., Pradhan, S., & Panigrahy, N. P. (2018). Pursuit of organisational trust: Role of employee engagement, psychological well-being and transformational leadership. Asia Pacific Management Review, 23(3), 227-234.
 
Guo-lin, J. I. A. O. (2007). The Plight and Reconstruction of Individual Identification in the Context of Globalization. Journal of Hubei University of Economics, 06, 120-123.
Jung, D. I., & Avolio, B. J. (2000). Opening the black box: An experimental investigation of the mediating effects of trust and value congruence on transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of organizational Behavior, 21(8), 949-964.
 
Jung, D. I., Chow, C., & Wu, A. (2003). The role of transformational leadership in enhancing organizational innovation: Hypotheses and some preliminary findings. The leadership quarterly, 14(4-5), 525-544.
 
Kazemi, A., & Shakiba, A. (2014). Study of Influential Factors in Creating Innovation, Creativity and Entrepreneurship, PhD Thesis. Business Management, Alborz University of Industries and Mines. (In Persian)
 
Khamseh, A., Radfar, R., Moeini, E., & Madani, H. (2012). A survey of the success of open innovation model application in Irans knowledge base corporation (Case Study: Biotechnology Corporation). Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 5(10), 3538-3549.
 
Lawal, F. A., Iyiola, O. O., Adegbuyi, O. A., Ogunnaike, O. O., & Taiwo, A. A. (2018). Modelling the relationship between entrepreneurial climate and venture performance: The moderating role of entrepreneurial competencies. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 24(1), 1-16.
 
Leithwood, K. (1994). Leadership for school restructuring. Educational administration quarterly, 30(4), 498-518.
 
Li, N., Liang, J., & Crant, J. M. (2010). The role of proactive personality in job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior: a relational perspective. Journal of applied psychology, 95(2), 395.
 
Li, X., & Zheng, Y. (2014). The influential factors of employees’ innovative behavior and the management advices. Journal of Service Science and Management, 7(6), 446.
 
Lins, K. V., Servaes, H., & Tamayo, A. (2017). Social capital, trust, and firm performance: The value of corporate social responsibility during the financial crisis. the Journal of Finance, 72(4), 1785-1824.
 
Liu, C. H. S., & Lee, T. (2019). The multilevel effects of transformational leadership on entrepreneurial orientation and service innovation. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 82, 278-286.
 
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of management review, 20(3), 709-734.
 
Meng, J., & Berger, B. K. (2019). The impact of organizational culture and leadership performance on PR professionals’ job satisfaction: Testing the joint mediating effects of engagement and trust. Public Relations Review, 45(1), 64-75.
 
Mittal, S., & Dhar, R. L. (2015). Transformational leadership and employee creativity: mediating role of creative self-efficacy and moderating role of knowledge sharing. Management Decision, 53 (5), 894-910.
Moayedi, I. (2019). The effect of creative climate of organization on the flexibility of organizations through innovation in Guilan province Gas Co, Journal of New Research Approaches in Management and Accounting, 3(17), 7-20. (In Persian)
 
Moazen Jamshidi, M., & Haghparast Kenarsari, N. (2015). Evaluating the impact of social capital on employees’ creativity (Case study: electrical and electronic household appliances manufacturing companies in Iran). Social Capital Management, 2(1), 49-74.  (In Persian)
 
Mohamed, L. M. (2016). Assessing the effects of transformational leadership: A study on Egyptian hotel employees. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 27, 49-59.
 
Moolenaar, N. M., Daly, A. J., & Sleegers, P. J. (2010). Occupying the principal position: Examining relationships between transformational leadership, social network position, and schools’ innovative climate. Educational administration quarterly, 46(5), 623-670.
 
Moradi, M., Yakideh, K., Abdollahian, F., & Safardoust, A. (2013). Investigation on the Effect of Error Management Culture on Organizational Innovation. Organizational Culture Management, 11(2), 87-114. (In Persian)
 
Murphy, S. E., & Ensher, E. A. (2008). A qualitative analysis of charismatic leadership in creative teams: The case of television directors. The Leadership Quarterly, 19(3), 335-352.
 
Najafi, A., & Abbasi Monazah, S. (2015). The effect of transformational leadership on organizational innovations and creations in the Iranian Supreme Audit Court and modeling their relations based on the structural equation modeling. Strategic Management Research, 21(58), 73-100. (In Persian)
 
Najafi, M., Ahadi, H., & Delavar, A. (2006). The Relationship between Family Function and Religiosity with Identity Crisis. Clinical Psychology and Personality, 4(1), 17-26. (In Persian)
 
Nazaryan, B., JafariPor, H., Alipanah, F., & Kheiri Gelsefidi, T. (2016). The relationship between innovative organizational climate: support of creativity and the resource provisioning of innovation with the psychological empowerment (Case Study: The government organizations staff in counties Roudsar and Amlash). International Conference of Management Elites, Tehran. (In Persian)
 
Ospid, M., Raesi, M., & Irani, A. (2020). Investigating the Relationship between Creativity and Personality Traits with Academic Progress of Secondary School Students in Rudan County. New Approach in Educational Sciences, 2(1), 19-28. (In Persian)
 
Panahbehagh, M., & Shakib, M. H. (2017). The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Employees' Attitude by Considering the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment (Case Study: Municipality of Karaj, Region 1). Emerging Science Journal, 1(4), 208-215.
 
Perks, H., & Moxey, S. (2011). Market-facing innovation networks: How lead firms partition tasks, share resources and develop capabilities. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(8), 1224-1237.
 
Porter, L. W., & McLaughlin, G. B. (2006). Leadership and the organizational context: like the weather?. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 559-576.
 
Qolipour, A., & Hazrati, M. (2009). Explaining the tool for measuring servant leadership in Iranian government organizations, Journal of Management Research. 2(3), 5-27. (In Persian)
 
Rajabi farjad, H., akhavan kharazian, M., & Rashidi, A. (2019). Multilevel Analysis of Transformational Leadership on Innovative Behavior of Employees with Moderating Role of Creative Self-efficacy. Innovation Management in Defense Organizations, 2(3), 107-128. (In Persian)
 
Rousseau, D. M., Sitkin, S. B., Burt, R. S., & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of management review, 23(3), 393-404.
 
Sabaghi Rostami, M., Hoseini Shakib, M. (2020). Innovation Climate and Employee Creativity, Entrepreneurial Orientation and Intrapreneurship: A Model for Defining the Role of Transformational Leadership. Innovation Management in Defense Organizations, 2(4), 27-50. (In Persian)
 
Sabel, C. F. (1993). Studied trust: Building new forms of cooperation in a volatile economy. Human relations, 46(9), 1133-1170.
 
Safarzadeh, S. Naderi, F. Askari, P. Enayati, M. S., & Heidari, A. (2013). The Relationship between Innovative Organizational Climates, Job Engagement with Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Women Employees, Journal of Women and Culture, 4(14), 69-82. (In Persian)
 
Sapienza, P., & Zingales, L. (2012). A trust crisis. International Review of Finance, 12(2), 123-131.
 
Scott, S. G., & Bruce, R. A. (1994). Determinants of innovative behavior: A path model of individual innovation in the workplace. Academy of management journal, 37(3), 580-607.
 
Steele, L. M., Watts, L. L., & Den Hartog, D. N. (2018). Transformational leadership and innovation across cultures: A meta-analysis. In Poster presented at the 33rd annual conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago, IL.
 
Tan, H. H., & Tan, C. S. (2000). Toward the differentiation of trust in supervisor and trust in organization. Genetic, social, and general psychology monographs, 126(2), 241-260.
 
Tierney, P., & Farmer, S. M. (2002). Creative self-efficacy: Its potential antecedents and relationship to creative performance. Academy of Management journal, 45(6), 1137-1148.
Tsai, C. Y., Horng, J. S., Liu, C. H., & Hu, D. C. (2015). Work environment and atmosphere: The role of organizational support in the creativity performance of tourism and hospitality organizations. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 46, 26-35.
Wang, P., Rode, J. C., Shi, K., Luo, Z., & Chen, W. (2013). A workgroup climate perspective on the relationships among transformational leadership, workgroup diversity, and employee creativity. Group & Organization Management, 38(3), 334-360.
 
Westlund, H., Andersson, M., & Karlsson, C. (2014). Creativity as an integral element of social capital and its role in economic performance. In Handbook of research on entrepreneurship and creativity. Edward Elgar Publishing.
 
Williams, F., & Foti, R. J. (2011). Formally developing creative leadership as a driver of organizational innovation. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 13(3), 279-296.
 
Xie, Y., Xue, W., Li, L., Wang, A., Chen, Y., Zheng, Q., ... & Li, X. (2018). Leadership style and innovation atmosphere in enterprises: An empirical study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 135, 257-265.
 
Yin, Y. (2015). In a trust society: the social foundation, mechanism and enlightenment for individual identification.  Journal of on Zhejiang Provincial Party School, 3, 84–90.
 
Zahed-Babelan, A., & Seyyedkalan, S. M. (2015). The impact of perceived organizational innovative climate on Student teachers' creative self-efficacy and innovative behaviors using structural equation modeling., Journal of Managing Education in Organizations, 4(1), 103-125. (In Persian)
 
Zarei, Z., heydari, M. (2020). Investigate the effect of transformational leadership and credible leadership on innovation taking into account the moderating role of knowledge sharing. Journal of Innovation and Creativity in Human Science, 9(4), 161-192. (In Persian)
 
Zeinabadi, H. R. (2011). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior in school: Retesting and changing a tested model in industry, Journal of Public Administration, 3(7), 63-80. (In Persian)
 
Zhang, Z.J. (2011). The Mechanism of Charismatic Leadership and Team Performance. Guazhong University of Science and Technology.
 
Zhang, Y., Zheng, J., & Darko, A. (2018). How does transformational leadership promote innovation in construction? The mediating role of innovation climate and the multilevel moderation role of project requirements. Sustainability, 10(5), 1506.