واکاوی رابطه رضایت، مشارکت شغلی، و تعهد سازمانی با معنویت در محیط کار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد ایران.

2 دانش آموخته دکتری مدیریت منابع انسانی، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مدیریت، موسسه آموزش عالی تابران، مشهد، ایران

10.22080/shrm.2024.5228

چکیده

در حال حاضر، اهمیت اخلاق در محیط کار به شدت مورد توجه قرار گرفته است، زیرا افراد بخش زیادی از زمان خود را در محیط کار سپری می‌کنند. این مقاله به بررسی تأثیر تعهد سازمانی، رضایت شغلی و مشارکت شغلی بر معنویت کارکنان در محیط کار می‌پردازد. روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی و همبستگی بوده و داده‌ها از طریق پژوهش پیمایشی جمع‌آوری شده است. جامعه آماری این مطالعه شامل 107 کارکنان سازمان فاوا شهرداری مشهد بوده است که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. برای سنجش متغیرهای تحقیق، از پرسشنامه‌های رضایت شغلی، مشارکت شغلی، تعهد سازمانی و معنویت در محیط کار استفاده شده است. پایایی پرسشنامه‌ها با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بررسی شده و نتایج نشان دادند که پرسشنامه‌ها دارای پایایی مناسبی هستند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل معادلات ساختاری انجام شده و نتایج نشان دادند که معنویت در محیط کار بر تعهد سازمانی، رضایت شغلی و مشارکت شغلی تأثیرگذار است، ولی بیشترین تأثیر را بر روی تعهد عاطفی کارکنان داشته است

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Exploring the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement, and Organizational Commitment with Spirituality in the Workplace

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Sadeghian 1
  • Parvaneh Yazdani 2
  • zahra fatemi 3
1 Assistant Professor of Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 PhD graduate in Human Resource Management, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Department of Management, Tabaran Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Currently, the importance of ethics in the workplace is highly emphasized, as individuals spend a significant portion of their time in the workplace. This article investigates the impact of organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job involvement on employees' spirituality in the workplace. The research method was descriptive and correlational, and data was collected through a survey research. The population of this study included 107 employees of the Fava organization in Mashhad municipality who were selected using simple random sampling. Job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment, and spirituality in the workplace questionnaires were used to measure the research variables. The reliability of the questionnaires was examined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and the results showed that the questionnaires have adequate reliability. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling, and the results indicated that spirituality in the workplace has a significant impact on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job involvement, but it had the greatest impact on employees' emotional commitment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Workplace Spirituality
  • Organizational Commitment
  • Job Involvement
  • Job Satisfaction
  • FAWA Organization of Mashhad Municipality
Afriyie, E. O., Owusu-Acheampong, E., Darko, L. O., & Oduro-Nyarko, C. (2024). Job Design and Employee Involvement on SMEs Performance: The Moderating Role of Employee Motivation. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 34(1), 45-79.
Afsar, B., & Rehman, M. (2015). The relationship between workplace spirituality and innovative work behavior: The mediating role of perceived person–organization fit. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 12, 329–353. 
Ahmad, A., & Omar, Z. (2014). Reducing Deviant Behavior through Workplace Spirituality and Job Satisfaction. Asian Social Science, 10(19), 107-112. 
Ashmos, D. P., & Duchon, D. (2000). Spirituality at Work: A Conceptualization and Measure. Journal of Management Inquiry, 10(19), 134-145. 
Asrar-ul-Haq, M., Kuchinke, K. P., & Iqbal, A. (2017). The relationship between corporate social responsibility, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment: Case of Pakistani higher education. Journal of cleaner production, 142, 2352-2363. 
Bayonne, E., Marin-Garcia, J. A., & Alfalla-Luque, R. (2020). Partial least squares (PLS) in operations management research: Insights from a systematic literature review. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 13(3), 565-597.
Çakmak, Z. (2023). Adapting to Environmental Change: The Importance of Organizational Agility in the Business Landscape. Florya Chronicles of Political Economy, 9(1), 42-53.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295-336.
Choerudin, A. (2014). The Relationship between Spirituality and Work Attitude: An Empirical Study. International Journal of Management Research and Review, 4(3), 455-463. 
Crawford, A., Hubbard, S. S., Lonis-Shumate, S. R., & O’Neill, M. (2009). Workplace Spirituality and Employee Attitudes within the Lodging Environment. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism, 8(1), 64-81. 
Cullen, J. B., Parboteeah, K. P., & Victor, B. (2003). The Effects of Ethical Climates on Organizational Commitment: A Two-Study Analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 46(2), 127-141. 
Deci, E. L., Olafsen, A. H., & Ryan, R. M. (2017). Self-determination theory in work organizations: The state of a science. Annual review of organizational psychology and organizational behavior, 4(1), 19-43.
Dreer, B. (2024). Teachers’ well-being and job satisfaction: The important role of positive emotions in the workplace. Educational studies, 50(1), 61-77.
Effendi, Y. R., & Sahertian, P. (2023). Principals' academic supervision based on humanistic spiritual values to increase student achievement motivation. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 34(1), 59-80.
Fernando, M. (2005). Self-actualising workplace spirituality: An empirical study.
Fisher, V. E., & Hanna, J. V. (2020). Job satisfaction: A multidimensional construct and its impact on organizational performance. Journal of Business Research, 112, 205-213.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Fornell, C., & Larckers, D. (1981). Structural Equation Mudels with Unobservabile Variablies and Measurement Errors: Algebra and Statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382-388. 
Gamble, J., & Huang, Q. (2008). Organizational Commitment of Chinese Employees in Foreign-Invested Firms. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(5), 896-915.
Geremias, R. L., Lopes, M. P., & Sotomayor, A. M. (2024). Improving Organizational Commitment among Healthcare Employees in Angola: The Role of Psychological Capital and Perceived Transformational Leadership. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 12(3), 326. 
Giacalone, R. A., & Jurkiewicz, C. L. (2003). Right from Wrong: The Influence of Spirituality on Perceptions of Unethical Business Activities. Journal of Business Ethics, 46(1), 85-97. 
Hair, J. F., Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Pearson.
 Hassan, S., Ansari, N., & Rehman, A. (2022). An exploratory study of workplace spirituality and employee well-being affecting public service motivation: an institutional perspective. Qualitative Research Journal, 22(2), 209-235.
Hassan, S., Ansari, N., & Rehman, A. (2023). Public service motivation, workplace spirituality and employee well-being: a holistic approach. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 39(4), 1027-1043.
Indrayani, I., Nurhatisyah, N., Damsar, D., & Wibisono, C. (2024). How does millennial employee job satisfaction affect performance?. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 14(1), 22-40.
Inoue, Y., Funk, D. C., & McDonald, H. (2017). Predicting Behavioral Loyalty through Corporate Social Responsibility: The Mediating Role of Involvement and Commitment. Journal of Business Research, 75, 46-56.  
Kendall, M. H. (2012). Workplace spirituality and the motivational power of meaningful work: An experimental study (Doctoral dissertation, Capella University).
Khairawati, S., Hadi, S. N., Efendi, B., & Nurhayati, E. C. (2024). Analysis of the Association Between Reward and Workplace Spirituality with Employee Performance. Asian Journal of Management Analytics, 3(1), 99-120.
Kong, H. (2013). Relationships among Work-Family Supportive Supervisors, Career Competencies, and Job Involvement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33, 304-309.  
Kreitner, R., & Kinicki, A. (2014). Perilaku Organisasi (Organizational Behavior). Edisi Sembilan (Buku 1). Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba4. 
Kyei-Frimpong, M., Kodwo Amoako, E., Akwetey-Siaw, B., Owusu Boakye, K., Nyarko Adu, I., Suleman, A. R., & Abdul Bawa, A. (2024). Employee empowerment and organizational commitment among employees of star-rated hotels in Ghana: does perceived supervisor support matter?. Journal of Work-Applied Management, 16(1), 65-83.
Lambert, E. G., Minor, K. I., Wells, J. B., & Hogan, N. L. (2016). Social Support's Relationship to Correctional Staff Job Stress, Job Involvement, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment. The Social Science Journal, 53(1), 22-32.  
Leach, D., & Wall, T. (2006). What is Empowerment? Institute of Work Psychology. Retrieved August 3, from www.about.com. 
Maertz Jr, C. P., Johnson, C. D., & Bauer, B. C. (2024). An inconvenient truth about “bundling” commitment, engagement, and embeddedness: Unbundling to extend theory on turnover motivations and beyond. Organizational Psychology Review, 20413866241245310.
Majeed, N. (2018). Which spirituality at the workplace? Is corporate spirituality the answer. Kuwait Chapter of the Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 7(1), 49-60.
Menger, N. Walker, R,B. Campbell, T.l. (1996).Testing a Model of cognitive budgetary participation processes in alatent variable structural equations framework. Accounting and Business Research, 41-50.
Milliman, J., Kazaplewski, A. J., Ferguson, J. (2003). Workplace Spirituality and Employee Work Attitudes, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 426-447.
Moloele, R. L., & Moeti, K. B. (2024). Critiquing Various Antecedents of Job Satisfaction and Job Performance of the Workforce in Schools. Research in Educational Policy and Management, 6(1), 161-179.
Moraal, E., Suhre, C., & van Veen, K. (2024). The importance of an explicit, shared school vision for teacher commitment. Teaching and Teacher Education, 137, 104387
Nasina , M. , & Doris , K . (2011). The workplace spirituality and affective commitment among auditors in big four public accounting firms: Does it matter?, Journal of Global Management, 1,216 – 226.
Nurhasan, R., Suwatno, S., Ahman, E., & Suryadi, E. (2024). What is the connection between Gen Y employees' loyalty, satisfaction, and workplace spirituality?. Manajemen dan Bisnis, 23(1), 33-41.
Prihandono, D., & Wijayanto, A. (2021). The influence of spiritual leadership on spirituality, conscientiousness and job satisfaction and its impacts on the reduction of workplace deviant behavior. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 37(1), 90-113.    
Rao, K. N., Marigowda, J., & Venugopal, D. (2024). Workplace spirituality and organisational citizenship behaviour: an impact study. International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion, 15(1), 44-60.
Raamkhumar, M. H., & Swamy, T. N. V. R. L. (2024). Is spirituality at work a pragmatic way to cope with stress and prevent turnover? A bibliometric analysis and conceptual framework. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 7(1), 2024012-2024012.
Rego, A., Leal, S., Cunha, M. P., Faria, J., & Pinho, C. (2010).How the perceptions of five dimensions of corporate citizenship and their inter-inconsistencies predict affective commitment”, Journal of Business Ethics, 49(1), 107-127.
Rego, Arménio., Pina E, Miguel.,& Solange Souto, Cunha. (2007). Workplace Spirituality, Commitment, and Self-Reported Individual Performance: An Empirical Study, Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, 5(3), 163–183.
Riasudeen, S., & Prabavathy, R. (2011). Relationship of workplace spirituality and work attitude in manufacturing organization”, Global Management Review, 5(4), 29-37.
Robbins, Stephen P.; Judge, Timothy A. (2015). Perilaku Organisasi (Organisasi Behavior) Edisi 16. Jakarta: Salemba4”
Sani, A., & Ekowati, V. M. (2022). Spirituality to organizational citizenship behavior from Islamic perspective: mediating role of spirituality at work and organizational commitment. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(12), 2672-2694.
Shaddiq, S., Khuzaini, K., Irpan, M., Saputra, M. R. Y., Firdaus, A., & Salim, A. (2024). Community Service Of Religiusity, Spirituality, And Individual Character In Work In The Age Of Society 5.0. Journal of Humanity Dedication, 1(2), 37-55.
Soltani, Kamal., &Sahabi, Jalil. (2016). Investigating the Relationship between Spirituality in the Workplace and Job Involvement of Employees in the National Oil Products Distribution Company of Kurdistan Region, International journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies, 1552-1561.
Solinger, O.N., van Olffen, W., Roe, R.A (2008).Beyond the three-component model of organizational commitment, Journal of Appl. Psychol, 93(1), 70-83.
Srivastava, S., & Gupta, P. (2022). Workplace spirituality as panacea for waning well-being during the pandemic crisis: A SDT perspective. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 50, 375-388.
Srivastava, S., Caprihan, S., Nigam, R. M., & Khemani, A. (2014). Employee spirituality and job engagement: A correlational study across organizational hierarchy. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 4(1), 70-88.
Stevison, M., Dent, E. and White, D. (2009). Toward a greater understanding of spirit at work: a model of spirit at work and outcomes”, Academy of Management Proceedings, 1-6.
Susmerano, E. B. (2024). The intersection of self-determination theory and workplace spirituality: an innovative framework for advancing social work administration. Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought, 1-15.
Van der Walt, F. (2017), “The relationship between spirituality and job satisfaction”, A Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Organizational Behavior University of Pretoia
Van der Walt, F., & De Klerk, J. J. (2014). Workplace spirituality and job satisfaction. International Review of Psychiatry, 26(3), 379-389. • Wetzels, M,. Odekerken-Schroder, G., Van Oppen, C. (2009).Using PLS path Modeling foe assessing Hierarchical construct models: Guidelines and empirical illustration”, MIS Quarterly,33(1), 177-1
Wijaya, G. A., Putra, A. D., & Sofianti, E. (2024). The Influence of Leadership, Personality, Competence, and Spirituality on Employee Performance Bogor Islamic Hospital. Asian Journal of Management Analytics, 3(1), 211-228.
Word, J. (2012). Engaging work as a calling: examining the link between spirituality and job involvement, Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 9(2),147-166.
Yeh, C. M. (2013).Tourism involvement, work engagement and job satisfaction among frontline hotel employees, Annals of Tourism Research, 42, 214-239.
Zhang, Y. (2009). A Study of Corporate Reputation’s Influence on Customer Loyalty Based on PLS-SEM Model. International Business Research, 2(3), 28-35.
Zhang, S. (2020). Workplace spirituality and unethical pro-organizational behavior: The mediating effect of job satisfaction. Journal of Business Ethics, 161(3), 687-705.
Zopiatis, A., Constanti, P., & Theocharous, A. L. (2014). Job involvement, commitment, satisfaction and turnover: Evidence from hotel employees in Cyprus. Tourism Management, 41, 129e140.