تأثیر مثلث تاریک شخصیت بر رفتارشهروندی سازمان: نقش بی‌ادبی در محیط کار و اخلاق کار اسلامی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

10.22080/shrm.2023.4169

چکیده

منابع انسانی نقش مهم و اساسی در کسب و حفظ مزیت رقابتی در سازمان‌ها داشته و به همین سبب نیز مفاهیم جدید همچون مثلث تاریک شخصیت و ارتباط آن با ادراکات و رفتارهای کارکنان موردتوجه محققان قرار می‌گیرد. این پژوهش نیز با هدف بررسی تاثیر مثلث تاریک شخصیت بر رفتارشهروندی سازمان با نقش میانجی‌گری بی‌ادبی در محیط کار و تعدیل‌گری اخلاق کار اسلامی در شرکت پتروشیمی تبریز انجام شده است.این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت توصیفی – پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر متشکل از کارکنان شرکت پتروشیمی تبریز می‌باشد که حدود 200 نفر به عنوان نمونه براساس فرمول کوکران و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس به گویه‌های پرسشنامه پاسخ دادند. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته بوده است. جهت سنجش روایی پرسشنامه از روایی صوری با استفاده از نظر خبرگان و پایایی یا اعتبار آن نیز با کمک آزمون ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی مرکب مورد تأیید قرار گرفته است. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار spss و روش حداقل مربعات جزئی و نرم‌افزار پی.ال.اس. تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. بررسی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که اخلاق تاریک شخصیت به طور مستقیم بر رفتار شهروندی سازمانی و بی‌ادبی در محیط کار، همچنین بی‌ادبی در محیط کار بر رفتارشهروندی سازمانی و نهایتا اخلاق کار اسلامی بر رفتارشهروندی سازمان تاثیر معناداری دارد. و بی‌ادبی در محیط کار رابطه بین اخلاق تاریک شخصیت و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی را میانجی‌گری کرده و اخلاق کار اسلامی نیز رابطه بین بی‌ادبی در محیط کار و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی را تعدیل می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of the dark triangle of personality on organizational citizenship behavior: the role of rudeness in the work environment and Islamic work ethics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Rahimi Koloor 1
  • Vahideh EbrahimiKharajo 2
1 Department of Business Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
2 Department of Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Human resources play an important and fundamental role in gaining and maintaining competitive advantage in organizations, and for this reason, new concepts such as the dark triangle of personality and its relationship with employees' perceptions and behaviors are receiving the attention of researchers. This research was also conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of thedark triangle of personality on organizational citizenship behavior with the role of mediating rudeness in thework environment and moderating Islamic work ethics in Tabriz Petrochemical Company.This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in nature. The statistical population of thepresent study consists of theemployees of Tabriz Petrochemical Company,about 200 people as a sample answered thequestionnaire items based on Cochran's formula and using theavailable sampling method.The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire.In order to measure thevalidity of the questionnaire, face validity has been confirmed using experts' opinions and its reliability or validity has also been confirmed with thehelp of Cronbach's alpha coefficient test and composite reliability.Data were analyzed using spss software and partial least squares method and PLS software.were analyzed.Examining theresults of this research showed that thedark morality of thepersonality directly affects theorganizational citizenship behavior and rudeness inthe workplace,as well as therudeness in theworkplace has a significant effect on theorganizational citizenship behavior and finally theIslamic work ethic has a significant effect on theorganizational citizenship behavior.And impoliteness in theworkplace mediates therelationship between dark personality ethics and organizational citizenship behavior,and Islamic work ethics moderates the relationship between impoliteness in theworkplace and organizational citizenship behavior.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dark Triad
  • Organizational Citizenship Behavior
  • Workplace Incivility
  • Islamic Work Ethics
Ahmed, A., Arshad, M. A., Mahmood, A., & Akhtar, S. (2019). The influence of spiritual values on employee’s helping behavior: the moderating role of Islamic work ethic. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 16(3), 235-263.
Ahmadi-Azar, P., & Jahan, F. (2020). Wisdom and Temperament, Emotions, and the Three Dark Personality Traits: A Structural Equation Model. Contemporary Psychology, 14(2), 61-72.‏‏ (In Persian)
Akella, D., & Lewis, V. J. (2019). The modern face of workplace incivility. Organization Management Journal, 16(2), 55-60.‏
Aldbyani, A., & Al-Abyadh, M. H. A. (2022). Relationship between Dark Triad, Mental Health, and Subjective Well-being Moderated by Mindfulness: A Study on Atheists and Muslim Students. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 5(1), 71-87.
Aliza, K., Shaheen, S., Malik, M. J., Zulfiqar, S., Batool, S. A., Ahmad-ur-Rehman, M., & Javed, A. (2022). Linking ostracism with employee negligence behavior: A moderated mediation model. The Service Industries Journal, 42(11-12), 872-896.‏
Andersson, L. M., & Pearson, C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Academy of management review, 24(3), 452-471.‏
Amos, B., Longpré, N., & Roos, M. D. (2022). The Dark Triad of Personality: Attitudes and Beliefs Towards White-Collar Crime. Journal of White Collar and Corporate Crime, 0, 1-16.‏‏
Ayub, A., Khan, A. J., Ahmed, T., & Ansari, M. A. A. (2022). Examining the Relationship between Ethical Climate and Burnout Using Role Stress Theory. Review of Education, Administration & Law, 5(1), 01-09.
Azare, F., Pourali, M. R., Samadi, M., & Dianati Deilami, Z. (2023). The Effect of the Dark Triad Traits on Auditing Whistleblowing. International Journal of Finance & Managerial Accounting, 8(28), 75-87.‏
Baumeister, R. F., & Campbell, W. K. (1999). The intrinsic appeal of evil: Sadism, sensational thrills, and threatened egotism. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3(3), 210-221.‏
Bai, Q., Lin, W., & Wang, L. (2016). Family incivility and counterproductive work behavior: A moderated mediation model of self-esteem and emotional regulation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 94, 11-19.‏
Brender-Ilan, Y., & Sheaffer, Z. (2019). How do self-efficacy, narcissism and autonomy mediate the link between destructive leadership and counterproductive work behaviour. Asia Pacific Management Review, 24(3), 212-222.‏
Bushman, B. J., & Baumeister, R. F. (1998). Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression: Does self-love or self-hate lead to violence?. Journal of personality and social psychology, 75(1), 219.‏‏
Boey, L., & Vantilborgh, T. (2016). A theoretical model relating the dark triad of personality to the content of employees' psychological contracts. New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations, 40(3), 44-66.‏
Belschak, F. D., Den Hartog, D. N., & Kalshoven, K. (2015). Leading Machiavellians: How to translate Machiavellians’ selfishness into pro-organizational behavior. Journal of Management, 41(7), 1934-1956.‏
Becker, J. A., & Dan O'Hair, H. (2007). Machiavellians’ motives in organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 35(3), 246-267.‏
Bruk-Lee, V., Khoury, H. A., Nixon, A. E., Goh, A., & Spector, P. E. (2009). Replicating and extending past personality/job satisfaction meta-analyses. Human performance, 22(2), 156-189.‏
Blickle, G., & Schütte, N. (2017). Trait psychopathy, task performance, and counterproductive work behavior directed toward the organization. Personality and Individual Differences, 109, 225-231.‏
Blickle, G., Schütte, N., & Genau, H. A. (2018). Manager psychopathy, trait activation, and job performance: A multi-source study. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27(4), 450-461.‏
Campbell, W. K., Brunell, A. B., & Finkel, E. J. (2006). Narcissism, interpersonal selfregulation, and romantic relationships: An agency model approach, in Self and relationships: Connecting intrapersonal and interpersonal processes. New York: Guilford.
Cash, R. E., White-Mills, K., Crowe, R. P., Rivard, M. K., & Panchal, A. R. (2019). Workplace incivility among nationally certified EMS professionals and associations with workforce-reducing factors and organizational culture. Prehospital Emergency Care.‏
Chaudhary, R., & Sisodia, S. (2022). The Impact Of Transformational Leadership On Employee Engagement Mediated By Organisational Citizenship Behaviour And Employee Culture A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(8), 7178-7204.‏
Chughtai, M. S. (2017). Hrm Practices and Employee’s Performance: Moderating Role of Islamic Work Ethics and Mediating Role of Hr Outcomes in Judiciary of Punjab, Pakistan. Virtual University of Pakistan.‏
Chen, H. T., & Wang, C. H. (2019). Incivility, satisfaction and turnover intention of tourist hotel chefs: Moderating effects of emotional intelligence. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.‏ 31(5), 2034-2053.
Costello, B. J., & Dunaway, R. G. (2003). Egotism and delinquent behavior. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18(5), 572-590.‏
Cortina, L. M., Magley, V. J., Williams, J. H., & Langhout, R. D. (2001). Incivility in the workplace: incidence and impact. Journal of occupational health psychology, 6(1), 64.
Cohen, A. (2016). Are they among us? A conceptual framework of the relationship between the dark triad personality and counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs). Human Resource Management Review, 26(1), 69-85.‏‏
Dahling, J. J., Whitaker, B. G., & Levy, P. E. (2009). The development and validation of a new Machiavellianism scale. Journal of management, 35(2), 219-257.‏
DALGIÇ, A. (2022). The effects of customer incivility and employee incivility on depersonalization: The mediation effect of forgiveness. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 8(3), 307-317.‏
Dionigi, A., Duradoni, M., & Vagnoli, L. (2022). Humor and the dark triad: Relationships among narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy and comic styles. Personality and Individual Differences, 197, 111766.‏
Ebrahimi, E., & Azami, S. (2019). Dark triad personality of leaders and perceived organizational justice: The moderating role of leader-member exchange. Iranian journal of management sciences, 14(56), 78-53. (In Persian)
El-Naggar, S. S. M. (2023). TheImpact of Leader’s Dark Triad Personality Traits on Employee Career Growth (Doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Commerce, Damietta University).‏
Eaton, A. A., & Nevicka, B. (2022). Gender and the Dark Side of Leadership. Overcoming Bad Leadership in Organizations, 176.‏
Furnham, A., Richards, S. C., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). The Dark Triad of personality: A 10 year review. Social and personality psychology compass, 7(3), 199-216.‏
Grover, K. L. (2022). Workplace Incivility: A Literature Review Agenda. EPRA International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Studies (EBMS), 9(5), 1-5.‏
Giacomin, M., & Jordan, C. H. (2018). Momentarily quieting the ego: Short-term strategies for reducing grandiose narcissism. In Handbook of trait narcissism (pp. 425-433).
Gheitani, A., Imani, S., Seyyedamiri, N., & Foroudi, P. (2019). Mediating effect of intrinsic motivation on the relationship between Islamic work ethic, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment in banking sector. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management12(1), 76-95.
Hadizadeh Moghadam, A., & Amirkhani, T. (2021). The Impact of Personality Traits and Conflict Management Styles on Workplace Incivility and its Relation to Employee’s Embarrassment and Belongingness. Career and Organizational Counseling, 13(1), 71-88.‏‏ (In Persian)
Hamidi, N. (2021). The Effect of Self-efficacy, Locus of Control, and Dark Personality Trait on Fraudulent Fiinancial Reporting. journal of Value & Behavioral Accounting, 5(10), 167-131. (In Persian)‏
Hershcovis, M. S. (2011). “Incivility, social undermining, bullying… oh my!”: A call to reconcile constructs within workplace aggression research. Journal of organizational behavior, 32(3), 499-519.‏
Hur, W. M., Kim, H., & Woo, J. (2014). How CSR leads to corporate brand equity: Mediating mechanisms of corporate brand credibility and reputation. Journal of Business Ethics, 125(1), 75-86.‏
Hogan, R., & Hogan, J. (2001). Assessing leadership: A view from the dark side. International Journal of Selection and assessment, 9(1‐2), 40-51.‏
Javaid, M., Abdullah, N. H., Zeb, A., & Hussain, K. (2018, July). The impact of authentic leadership on knowledge sharing behavior with the moderating role of Islamic work ethics. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1049(1), 012-007.
Judge, T. A., LePine, J. A., & Rich, B. L. (2006). Loving yourself abundantly: relationship of the narcissistic personality to self-and other perceptions of workplace deviance, leadership, and task and contextual performance. Journal of applied psychology, 91(4), 762.‏
Jensen, L. D., Patryluk, C. E., Vinoo, P., & Campbell, L. (2022). How dark personalities gain workplace influence: A replication and extension. Personality and Individual Differences, 190, 111515.‏
Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The dirty dozen: a concise measure of the dark triad. Psychological assessment, 22(2), 420.‏
Jonason, P. K., Wee, S., & Li, N. P. (2015). Competition, autonomy, and prestige: Mechanisms through which the Dark Triad predict job satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 72, 112-116.‏
Kanadlı, S. B., Zhang, P., & Kakabadse, N. K. (2020). How job-related diversity affects boards’ strategic tasks performance: the role of chairperson. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 20(4), 583-599.
Karatepe, O. M., Kim, T. T., & Lee, G. (2019). Is political skill really an antidote in the workplace incivility-emotional exhaustion and outcome relationship in the hotel industry?. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 40, 40-49.‏
Kareem, O., & bin Azmin, A. A. (2018). Does Islamic Work Ethics Strengthen The Size Of Knowledge Management And Entrepreneurial Orientation Effects On Performance Of Smes In Nigeria?. International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 3(1), 41-64.‏
Khattak, M. N., Zolin, R., & Muhammad, N. (2020). The combined effect of perceived organizational injustice and perceived politics on deviant behaviors. International Journal of Conflict Management, 32(1), 62-87.‏
Khan, A. S., & Rasheed, F. (2015). Human resource management practices and project success, a moderating role of Islamic Work Ethics in Pakistani project-based organizations. International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), 435-445.‏
Kowalski, C. M., Rogoza, R., Saklofske, D. H., & Schermer, J. A. (2021). Dark triads, tetrads, tents, and cores: Why navigate (research) the jungle of dark personality models without a compass (criterion)?. Acta Psychologica, 221, 103455.‏
Lane, S. D., & McCourt, H. (2013). Uncivil Communication in Everyday Life: A Response to Benson's" The Rhetoric of Civility". Journal of Contemporary Rhetoric, 3(1/2), 17-29.‏
Liu, W., Zhou, Z. E., & Che, X. X. (2019). Effect of workplace incivility on OCB through burnout: The moderating role of affective commitment. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34(5), 657-669.
Mao, C., Chang, C. H., Johnson, R. E., & Sun, J. (2019). Incivility and employee performance, citizenship, and counterproductive behaviors: Implications of the social context. Journal of occupational health psychology, 24(2), 213.
Nasution, F. N., & Rafiki, A. (2020). Islamic work ethics, organizational commitment and job satisfaction of Islamic banks in Indonesia. RAUSP Management Journal, 55, 195-205.‏
Naqipour, M., Fadai Kivani, R. (2019). The impact of Islamic work ethics on job involvement and knowledge sharing through the mediation of job satisfaction (case study: employees of National Bank branches in Rasht), Industrial Management and Engineering Research Quarterly, 2(4), 1-16. (In Persian)
Omran, K. A. M., & Samar Altayeb Ahmed Kamal, E. (2021). The Impact of Employee Silence on Counterproductive Work Behavior in the Telecommunication Sector in Egypt: An Empirical Study. International Journal of Business and Management Review, 9(3), 16-28.‏
Öngen, D. E. (2010). Relationships between narcissism and aggression among non-referred Turkish university students. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 5, 410-415.‏‏
Özsoy, E. (2018). Dark triad and counterproductive work behaviors: Which of the dark triad traits is more malevolent?. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(4), 742-756.‏
Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of research in personality, 36(6), 556-563.
Pearson, C. M., Andersson, L. M., & Wegner, J. W. (2001). When workers flout convention: A study of workplace incivility. Human relations, 54(11), 1387-1419.
Porath, C., & Pearson, C. (2013). The price of incivility. Harvard business review, 91(1-2), 114-121.‏
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., & Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. The leadership quarterly, 1(2), 107-142.‏
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (Eds.). (2018). The Oxford handbook of organizational citizenship behavior. Oxford University Press.‏
Qureshi, S. U., Ashfaq, J., Ul Hassan, M., & Imdadullah, M. (2015). Impact of extroversion and narcissism on in role and extra role performance: Moderating role of impression management motives. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 9(1), 96-119.‏
Salman Chughtai, M., & Ali Shah, S. Z. (2020). A moderated mediation model: Mediating mechanism of workplace incivility and moderating role of Islamic work ethics between dark triad and organizational citizenship behavior. Management Issues in Healthcare System, 6(1), 1-17.‏
Saleh, T. A., Mehmood, W., Khan, J., & JAN, F. U. (2022). The Impact of Ethical Leadership on Employees Turnover Intention: An Empirical Study of the Banking Sector in Malaysia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 9(2), 261-272.‏
Sands, E. (2020). The Role of Competitive and Ethical Psychological Climate in Retail and Sales Organizations, The School of Psychology,The University of Auckland (Doctoral dissertation).‏
Sehhat, S., Mahmoud Zadeh, S. M., Ashena, M., & Parsa, S. (2015). Positive psychological capital: The role of Islamic work ethics in Tehran Public Organizations. Iranian journal of management studies, 8(4), 545-566.
Sguera, F., Bagozzi, R. P., Huy, Q. N., Boss, R. W., & Boss, D. S. (2016). Curtailing the harmful effects of workplace incivility: The role of structural demands and organization-provided resources. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 95, 115-127.‏
Shabani Beshli, Z. (2022). The relationship between a healthy work environment and the organizational citizenship behavior of teachers (case study: elementary schools in Swadkoh North city), Applied Research Quarterly in Management and Human Sciences, 3(7), 111-102. (In Persian)‏
Shin, Y., & Hur, W. M. (2019). Linking flight attendants’ job crafting and OCB from a JD-R perspective: A daily analysis of the mediation of job resources and demands. Journal of Air Transport Management, 79, 101681.‏
Siddiquei, A. N., Hussain, S., Asadullah, M. A., & Asmi, F. (2022). E-Governance Projects in Public Organizations: The Role of Project Manager’s Islamic Work Ethics in Accomplishing IT Project Performance. In Strategic Islamic Marketing: A Roadmap for Engaging Muslim Consumers (pp. 91-107). Cham: Springer International Publishing. ‏
Spain, S. M., Harms, P., & LeBreton, J. M. (2014). The dark side of personality at work. Journal of organizational behavior, 35(S1), S41-S60.‏
Smith, M. B., Craig Wallace, J., & Jordan, P. (2016). When the dark ones become darker: How promotion focus moderates the effects of the dark triad on supervisor performance ratings. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37(2), 236-254.‏
Schütte, N., Blickle, G., Frieder, R. E., Wihler, A., Schnitzler, F., Heupel, J., & Zettler, I. (2018). The role of interpersonal influence in counterbalancing psychopathic personality trait facets at work. Journal of Management, 44(4), 1338-1368.‏
Taylor, S. G., Locklear, L. R., Kluemper, D. H., & Lu, X. (2022). Beyond targets and instigators: Examining workplace incivility in dyads and the moderating role of perceived incivility norms. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(8), 1288.
Turnipseed, D. L., & Landay, K. (2018). The role of the dark triad in perceptions of academic incivility. Personality and Individual Differences, 135, 286-291.‏‏
Tufail, U., Ahmad, M. S., Ramayah, T., Jan, F. A., & Shah, I. A. (2017). Impact of Islamic work ethics on organisational citizenship behaviours among female academic staff: the mediating role of employee engagement. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 12(3), 693-717.‏
Udin, U., Dananjoyo, R., Shaikh, M., & Vio Linarta, D. (2022). Islamic Work Ethics, Affective Commitment, and Employee’s Performance in Family Business: Testing Their Relationships. SAGE Open, 12(1), 1-12.‏
Vahdati, H., Hassanvand, J. (2019). Investigating the effect of the dark triangle of personality structure on appropriate job performance indicators of human resources, Organizational Culture Management, 17(4), 511-530. (In Persian)
Victor, B., & Cullen, J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative science quarterly, 101-125.‏
Webster, B. D., & Smith, M. B. (2019). The dark triad and organizational citizenship behaviors: The moderating role of high involvement management climate. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34(5), 621-635.
Weaver, G. R., & Agle, B. R. (2002). Religiosity and ethical behavior in organizations: A symbolic interactionist perspective. Academy of management review, 27(1), 77-97.‏‏
Wiebe, K. F., & Fleck, J. R. (1980). Personality correlates of intrinsic, extrinsic, and nonreligious orientations. The Journal of Psychology, 105(2), 181-187.‏
Wisse, B., & Sleebos, E. (2016). When the dark ones gain power: Perceived position power strengthens the effect of supervisor Machiavellianism on abusive supervision in work teams. Personality and Individual Differences, 99, 122-126.‏
Yasmin, R., Mehmood, S., & Kashif, M. (2022). Combine Effect of Islamic Work Ethics and Psychological Capital on Job Performance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Business Management Studies-JBMS, 1(01), 53-72.‏
Ye, S., Yang, Y., Wang, W., & Zhou, X. (2022). Linking ethical leadership to employees' change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior: A multilevel moderated mediation model. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 50(7), 1-14.‏
Yousef, D. A. (2001). Islamic work ethic–A moderator between organizational commitment and job satisfaction in a cross‐cultural context. Personnel review.‏ 30(2), 152-169.