ارتقا انگیزه خدمت عمومی در پرتو عوامل سازمانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

2 مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی(ره)، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

در بسیاری از مطالعات جهت شناخت پیش نیازهای انگیزه خدمت عمومی، بر زمینه اجتماعی- تاریخی تمرکز شده است. این مطالعه تلاش دارد تا به بررسی نقشی که عوامل سازمانی در شکل گیری و پرورش انگیزه خدمت عمومی ایفا می کنند، بپردازد. بنابراین هدف از این تحقیق سنجش تأثیر عوامل سازمانی بر مؤلفه انگیزه خدمت عمومی می باشد. بدین منظور در یک پژوهش توصیفی- پیمایشی تعداد 159 نفر از کارکنان شهرداری منطقه 22 تهران مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته اند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده های پژوهش از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی (آزمون رگرسیون چندگانه) استفاده شده است. یافته های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که با کنترل اثر همه مؤلفه ها، تأثیر چهار متغیر استقلال کار و هویت وظیفه به عنوان مشخصه های وظیفه ای و پیچیدگی شغل و تخصص گرایی به عنوان مشخصه های دانشی بر سطح انگیزه خدمت عمومی از نظر آماری معنی دار است؛ امّا تأثیر دو متغیر اهمیت وظیفه و تنوع وظیفه قابل اهمیت نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Promotion of Public Service Motivation In the light of Organizational Factors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Niloofar Navaei 1
  • Reza Vaezi 2
  • mirali seyyed naghavi 3
1 Public Managemebt, Management & Accounting Faculty, Allame Tabatabaei University
2 Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
3 Public Management, management & accounting Faculty, Allame Tabatabaei University.
چکیده [English]

In order to recognize the antecedents of public service motivation (PSM), many studies focus on the Sociohistorical context. This study is seeking to examine the role that organizational factors play in shaping and fostering Public Service Motivation. Thus the purpose of this research is to evaluate the organizational factors’ impact on Public Service Motivation component. So in a Descriptive and Survey research a number of hundred and fifty-nine employees of Tehran 22 area municipality were studied. Descriptive - Inferential Statistics (Multiple Regression Method) were used for analyzing the research’s data. The results indicate that by controlling the effect of all components, the impact of four variables including Work Autonomy and Task Identity as Task Characteristics as well as Job Complexity and Specialization as Knowledge Characteristics on Public Service Motivation’s level is statistically meaningful, but the impact of two variables including Task Significance and Task Variety as Task Characteristics is not significant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public Service Motivation
  • Organizational Factors
  • Task Characteristics
  • Knowledge Characteristics
اقدسی، سمانه و نوروز‌زاده، رضا. (1392). عوامل مؤثر بر توانمندسازی نیروی انسانی. فصل‌نامه پژوهش‌های مدیریت منابع انسانی، سال پنجم، شماره 1، 222-197.
اورعی یزدانی، بدرالدین؛ نهجیری، فرشاد. (1388). بررسی تأثیر فن‌آوری اطلاعات بر محتوای مشاغل ( با تأکید بر مدل هاکمن-اولدهام ). مجله دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه سمنان، سال هشتم، شماره 27، 168-145.
جزنی، نسرین. (1394). مدیریت منابع انسانی. تهران: نشر نی.
حمیدی‌زاده، علی؛ طهماسبی، رضا؛ میرزایی، اشرف. (1394). بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر انگیزه خدمت عمومی. فصل‌نامه مدیریت سازمان‌های دولتی، سال سوم، شماره 14، 48-63.
دهقانان، حامد، صحت، سعید و ساداتیان، سید ابراهیم. (1394). مطالعه تطبیقی مولفه های مؤثر بر انگیزه خدمت به جامعه در بیمارستانهای بخش خصوصی و دولتی. مطالعات مدیریت (بهبود و تحول) 24(79): 145-172.
سپهوند، رضا؛ قدسی، مسعود؛ فرح‌بخش، سعید. (1393). تعهد به بهره‌وری مدیران، اثرات استقلال شغلی، توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی وعدالت توزیعی. مدیریت بهره‌وری، سال هشتم، شماره 29، 22-7.
سید جوادین، سید رضا. (1381). مدیریت منابع انسانی و امور کارکنان. تهران: نگاه دانش.
نعمتی، سمیه؛ خائف الهی، احمد‌علی؛ دانایی فرد، حسن؛ آذر، عادل. (1395). طراحی نظام انگیزة خدمات‌رسانی عمومی در بخش دولتی ایران با رویکرد خبره‌محور تفسیری. پژوهش‌های مدیریت عمومی، سال نهم، شماره 32، 24-5.
نوائی، نیلوفر. (1396). تأثیر عوامل سازمانی بر انگیزه خدمت عمومی در سازمان‌های عمومی، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی‌ارشد. دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران.
 
Adeleke, A. Q., Bahaudin, A. Y. & Kamaruddeen, A. M. (2016). Organizational Internal Factors and Construction Risk Management among Nigerian Construction Companies. Global Business Review, 19(4), 1-18.
Andersen, L. B., Jørgensen, T. B., Kjeldsen, A. M., Pedersen, L. H., & Vrangbæk, K. (2013). Public values and public service motivation: Conceptual and empirical relationships. The American Review of Public Administration43(3), 292-311.
Anderson, D. M., & Stritch, J. M. (2015). Goal clarity, task significance, and performance: Evidence from a laboratory experiment. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory26(2), 211-225.
Andreou, A. N., & Boone, L. W. (2002). The impact of information technology and cultural differences on organizational behavior in the financial services industry. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 3(3), 248-261.
Aube, C., Rousseau, V., Estelle, M. & Morin, (2007). Perceived organizational support and organizational commitment. the moderating effect of locus of control and work autonomy. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(5), 479-495.
Austen, A., & Zacny, B. (2015). The role of public service motivation and organizational culture for organizational commitment. Management19(2), 21-34.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: state of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309-328.
Bellé, N. (2012). Experimental evidence on the relationship between public service motivation and job performance. Public Administration Review73(1), 143-153.
Bozeman, B., & Su, X. (2015). Public service motivation concepts and theory: A critique. Public Administration Review75(5), 700-710.
Brænder, M., & Andersen, L. B. (2013). Does deployment to war affect public service motivation? A panel study of soldiers before and after their service in Afghanistan. Public Administration Review73(3), 466-477.
Brewer, G. A., Ritz, A., & Vandenabeele, W. (2012). Introduction to a symposium on public service motivation: An international sampling of research. International Journal of Public Administration, 35(1), 1-4.
Brewer, G. A., Selden, S. C., & Facer II, R. L. (2000). Individual conceptions of public service motivation. Public administration review60(3), 254-264.
Bright, L. (2005). Public employees with high levels of public service motivation: Who are they, where are they, and what do they want?. Review of public personnel administration25(2), 138-154.
Bright, L. (2008). Does public service motivation really make a difference on the job satisfaction and turnover intentions of public employees?. The American Review of Public Administration38(2), 149-166.
Campbell, J. W., & Im, T. (2016). Perceived public participation efficacy: The differential influence of public service motivation across organizational strata. Public personnel management45(3), 308-330.
Carpenter, J., Doverspike, D., & Miguel, R. F. (2012). Public service motivation as a predictor of attraction to the public sector. Journal of Vocational Behavior80(2), 509-523.
Clerkin, R. M., & Coggburn, J. D. (2012). The dimensions of public service motivation and sector work preferences. Review of Public Personnel Administration32(3), 209-235.
Edwards, J. R., Scully, J. A., & Brtek, M. D. (2000). The nature and outcomes of work: A replication and extension of interdisciplinary work-design research. Journal of Applied Psychology85(6), 860-868.
Ferdousipour, L. (2016). The relationship among public service motivation, Civic-organizational behavior (obc), and service quality. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS), 9(1), 1-20.
Fried, Y., Melamed, S., & Ben-David, H. A. (2002). The joint effects of noise, job complexity, and gender on employee sickness across 21 organizations—the CORDIS study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 75, 131-144.
Georgellis, Y., Iossa, E., & Tabvuma, V. (2011). Crowding out intrinsic motivation in the public sector. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory21(3), 473-493.
Grant, A. M. (2007). Relational job design and the motivation to make a prosocial difference. Academy of management review32(2), 393-417.
Grant, A. M. (2008). Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire? Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity. Journal of applied psychology93(1), 48-58.
Houston, D. J. (2000). Public-service motivation: A multivariate test. Journal of public administration research and theory10(4), 713-728.
Houston, D. J. (2006). “Walking the walk” of public service motivation: Public employees and charitable gifts of time, blood, and money. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory16(1), 67-86.
Humphrey, S. E., Nahrgang, J. D., & Morgeson, F. P. (2007). Integrating motivational, social, and contextual work design features: a meta-analytic summary and theoretical extension of the work design literature. Journal of applied psychology92(5), 1332-1356.
Joo, B. K., Hahn, H. J., & Peterson, S. L. (2015). Turnover intention: The effects of core self-evaluations, proactive personality, perceived organizational support, developmental feedback, and job complexity. Human Resource Development International18(2), 116-130.
Kalokairinou, E. (2007). Mark G., Kuczewski and Ronald, Polansky (Eds.), Bioethics: Ancient Themes in Contemporary Issues. Translation in Greek by M. Katsimitsis, Edited in Greek by K. Eleni. Athens: Traaulos.
Kim, S., Vandenabeele, W., Wright, B. E., Andersen, L. B., Cerase, F. P., Christensen, R. K., Desmarais, C., Koumenta, M., Leisink, P., Liu, B., Palidauskaite, J., Pedersen, L. H., Perry, J. L., Ritz, A., Taylor, J. and De Vivo, P. (2010). Investigating the structure and meaning of public service motivation across populations: Developing an international instrument and addressing issues of measurement invariance. At the 11th National Public Management Research Conference: NY, Syracuse University, June 2-4, 2011.
Kim, S., Vandenabeele, W., Wright, B. E., Andersen, L. B., Cerase, F. P., Christensen, R. K., ... & Palidauskaite, J. (2013). Investigating the structure and meaning of public service motivation across populations: Developing an international instrument and addressing issues of measurement invariance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory23(1), 79-102.
Kim, S. (2009a). Revising Perry's measurement scale of public service motivation. The American Review of Public Administration39(2), 149-163.
Kim, S. (2009b). Testing the Structure of Public Service Motivation in Korea: A Research Note. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 19(4), 839-851.
Lee, J. H. (2015). More Public Oriented Or More Private Oriented?: Quasi-government Employees' Public Service Motivation by Organizational Factors (Doctoral dissertation, University of Texas at Dallas).
Mann, G. A. (2006). A motive to serve: Public service motivation in human resource management and the role of PSM in the nonprofit sector. Public Personnel Management35(1), 33-48.
McCord, J. L. (2015). Examining short-term Stability in Motivation for Work in Public Service. (Master of Arts in Psychology in Political Science and Public Affairs thesis, Western Carolina University).
Morgeson, F. P., & Humphrey, S. E. (2006). The Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ): developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing job design and the nature of work. Journal of applied psychology91(6), 1321.
Moynihan, D. P., & Pandey, S. K. (2007). The role of organizations in fostering public service motivation. Public administration review67(1), 40-53.
Pandey, Sanjay K., Wright, Bradley E. & Moynihan, Donald P. (2008). Public Service Motivation and Interpersonal Citizenship Behavior in Public Organizations: Testing a Preliminary Model. International Public Management Journal, 11(1), 89-108.
Park, S. M., & Rainey, H. G. (2008). Leadership and public service motivation in US federal agencies. International public management journal11(1), 109-142.
Park, S. M. (2007). Antecedents, mediators, and consequences of leadership, motivation, commitment, and managerial reform systems in the public sector: Three public management research studies with empirical evidence from U.S. federal and state agencies. (PhD thesis, University of Georgia).
Pedersen, M. J. (2015). Activating the forces of public service motivation: Evidence from a low‐intensity randomized survey experiment. Public Administration Review75(5), 734-746.
Perrow, C. (2014). Complex Organizations. Vermont, United States: Echo Point Books & Media. (1th ed; 1979)
Perry, J. L., & Hondeghem, A. (Eds.). (2008). Motivation in public management: The call of public service. Oxford University Press on Demand.
Perry, J. L., & Vandenabeele, W. (2015). Public service motivation research: Achievements, challenges, and future directions. Public Administration Review75(5), 692-699.
Perry, J. L. (1996). Measuring public service motivation: An assessment of construct reliability and validity. Journal of public administration research and theory6(1), 5-22.
Perry, J. L., Brudney, J. L., Coursey, D., & Littlepage, L. (2008). What drives morally committed citizens? A study of the antecedents of public service motivation. Public administration review68(3), 445-458.
Prysmakova, P. (2015). Public Service Motivation in Public and Nonprofit Service Providers: The Cases of Belarus and Poland. (Doctor of Philosophy in Public Affairs thesis, Florida International University).
Ritz, A., Brewer, G. A., & Neumann, O. (2016). Public service motivation: A systematic literature review and outlook. Public Administration Review76(3), 414-426.
Sims, H. P., Szilagyi, A. D., & Keller, R. T. (1976). The measurement of job characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 19(2), 195-212.
Stone, D., Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R.  M.  (2009). Beyond talk: Creating autonomous motivation through self-determination theory.  Journal of General Management, 34(3), 75-91.
Vandenabeele, W. (2007). Toward a public administration theory of public service motivation: An institutional approach. Public management review9(4), 545-556.
Vrachas, C., & Leontakianakos, G. (2015). Specialization as a personality trait and tendency: Introducing an Instrument of Measuring the Specialization Degree. Part 1. Psychology6(15), 1964-1970.
Wright, B. E. (2008). Methodological challenges associated with public service motivation research. Motivation in public management: The call of public service, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.